1) Who among the following was the ruler of Calicut when Vasco da Gama arrived in India in 1498?

2) With reference to the British East India Company, consider the following statements:
I) It was established in 1600.
II) Its first factory in India was set up at Surat in 1612.
III) It initially aimed at territorial expansion rather than trade.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

3) Consider the following statements regarding the Mughal Empire:
1) The Mughal Empire reached its peak during the reign of Aurangzeb.
2) The decline of the Mughal Empire began immediately after his death in 1707.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

4) With reference to the Battle of Plassey, consider the following statements:
1) It was fought between the British East India Company and the Nawab of Bengal.
2) It marked the beginning of British political control in India.
3) It established British dominance over all of India.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

5) The Battle of Buxar is significant because:

6) With reference to the Permanent Settlement, consider the following statements:
1) It was introduced by Lord Cornwallis.
2) It fixed land revenue permanently with zamindars.
3) It benefited peasants by reducing their burden.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

7) The Doctrine of Lapse was associated with:

8) Consider the following pairs:
1) First Carnatic War – Austrian Succession War
2) Second Carnatic War – Succession disputes in Hyderabad and Carnatic
3) Third Carnatic War – Seven Years’ War
Which of the pairs given above is/are correctly matched?

9) Which of the following measures were introduced by Afonso de Albuquerque?
1) Permit system (Cartaz system) for ships
2) Control over major shipbuilding centres
3) Complete free trade policy for all merchants
Select the correct answer using the code below:

10) Which of the following correctly matches the Dutch trading centres in India?
1) Masulipatnam – First Dutch factory (1605)
2) Pulicat – Main Dutch settlement (1610)
Select the correct answer using the code below:

11) Consider the following statements regarding Bombay during British India:
1. It was given to Charles II as part of a marriage alliance.
2. It was transferred to the East India Company in 1668.
3. It became the first headquarters of the Company in India.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

12) With reference to Madras during British India, consider the following statements:
1. The English obtained it from the Sultanate of Golconda.
2. A fortified factory was built there in 1639.
3. It became the headquarters of English settlements in South India.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

13) Consider the following fruits:
1. Papaya
2. Pineapple
3. Guava
How many of the above were introduced in India by the Portuguese in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries?

14) Consider the following developments during Akbar II’s reign:
1. The British reduced his title to “King of Delhi” in 1835.
2. Persian was replaced by English on East India Company coins.
3. Coins continued to bear the Mughal emperor’s name after 1835.

15) With reference to “Nizamat” under the Dual Government, consider the following statements:
1. It dealt with law and order and criminal justice.
2. It remained under the nominal control of the Nawab.
3. It was fully controlled by the British in practice.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

16) With reference to military innovations in Mysore, consider the following statements:
1. Mysore used iron-cased rockets in warfare.
2. These innovations influenced later European military technology.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

17) With reference to the administration of Farrukhsiyar, consider the following statements:
1. He appointed Abdulla Khan as Wazir.
2. Hussain Ali Khan was made Mir Bakshi.
3. Both were collectively known as the Sayyid Brothers.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

18) Which one of the following best explains the transition of the English East India Company in the 18th century?

19) With reference to the Maratha expansion under Baji Rao I, consider the following statements:
1. The Marathas reached Delhi in 1737.
2. Their expansion posed a serious challenge to Mughal authority.
3. They established direct Mughal control over the Deccan.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

20) With reference to the rise of regional states in the 18th century, consider the following pairs:
1. Nizam-ul-Mulk                 – Deccan
2. Saadat Khan                      – Awadh
3. Murshid Quli Khan          – Bengal, Bihar and Orissa
Which of the pairs given above is/are correctly matched?

21) The Third Battle of Panipat, fought during Shah Alam II’s reign, was between:

22) Who conquered Kandahar in 1738 before invading India?

23) Arrange the following events in chronological order:
1. Invasion of Nadir Shah
2. First invasion of Ahmad Shah Abdali
3. Second Battle of Panipat
Select the correct answer using the code below:

24) With reference to the Mansabdari system, consider the following statements:
1. It was a system of ranking officials in the Mughal administration.
2. Mansabdars were paid in cash only.
3. Mansabdars were required to maintain a specified number of cavalry.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

25) With reference to the Jagirdari system, consider the following statements:
1. Jagirdars were assigned land in lieu of salary.
2. They collected revenue from the land.
3. They owned the land permanently.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

26) With reference to the Treaty of Allahabad (1765), consider the following statements:
1. The treaty was concluded after the Battle of Buxar.
2. The East India Company was granted Diwani rights over Bengal, Bihar, and Odisha.
3. The treaty marked the beginning of Dual Government in Bengal.
4. Shuja-ud-Daula was removed from Awadh and his territory was annexed by the Company.
Which of the statements given above are correct?

27) With reference to the rise of the Hyderabad State under Nizam-ul-Mulk Asaf Jah I, consider the following statements:
1. He left the Mughal court due to factional conflicts and later established his authority in the Deccan in 1724.
2. He completely severed ties with the Mughal Empire and declared full sovereignty by stopping coin minting in the Mughal emperor’s name.
3. He strengthened administration by concentrating revenue and military responsibilities in a single official.
4. Conflicts over the Coromandel Coast brought the Nizams into confrontation with the East India Company.
Which of the statements given above are correct?

28) Who was the founder of Awadh as an autonomous regional power in the 18th century?

29) Who among the following rulers is credited with consolidating the Jat power in the 18th century?

30) Haider Ali’s revenue system is considered a precursor to which later British land revenue system?

31) Which of the following innovations is/are correctly associated with Tipu Sultan?
1. Development of iron-cased rockets
2.Commissioning of the military manual Fathul Mujahidin
3. Introduction of Permanent Settlement in Mysore

32) Which treaty is associated with territorial loss for Nepal?

33) With reference to the annexation of Sindh, consider the following statements:
1. Sindh accepted the Subsidiary Alliance in 1839.
2. It was annexed under Lord Ellenborough.
3. Charles Napier was appointed as its first governor.

34) With reference to Anglo-Burma relations, consider the following statements:
1. The First Anglo-Burma War ended with the Treaty of Yandabo.
2. Burma was annexed after the Second Anglo-Burma War.
3. Lord Dufferin was the Viceroy at the time of final annexation of Burma.

35) Which of the following pairs is incorrectly matched?

36) With reference to the Policy of Ring Fence, consider the following statements:
1. It was introduced by Warren Hastings.
2. It aimed to create buffer states to protect Company territories.
3. The Company bore the full cost of military protection.

37) Which of the following correctly describes the Subsidiary Alliance system?

38) With reference to Raja Ram Mohan Roy, consider the following institutions:
1. Atmiya Sabha
2. Brahmo Samaj
3. Vedanta College
4. Calcutta Unitarian Committee
Which of the above were founded/associated with him?

39) Which of the following personalities are associated with the Manav Dharma Sabha?
1. Dadoba Pandurang
2. Durgaram Mancharam
3. Raja Ram Mohan Roy

40) Which of the following practices were followed by members of Paramhansa Mandali?
1. Sharing food prepared by lower castes
2. Strict adherence to caste hierarchy
3. Promotion of widow remarriage

41) With reference to Debendranath Tagore, consider the following statements:
1. He revitalized the Brahmo Samaj after Raja Ram Mohan Roy.
2. He founded the Tattvabodhini Sabha in 1839.
3. He supported Trinitarian Christianity.
Which of the above is/are correct?

42) Which of the following texts is associated with Guru Ghasidas?

43) Which of the following cultural forms is associated with the spread of Satnami teachings?

44) Who among the following described the Derozians as “pioneers of modern civilization in Bengal”?

45) With reference to the Singh Sabha Movement, consider the following statements:
1. It was founded in 1873 at Amritsar.
2. It aimed to promote Western education among Sikhs.
3. It supported Christian missionary activities in Punjab.

46) With reference to Fort William College, consider the following statements:
1. It was established in 1800 at Calcutta.
2. It aimed to train civil servants in Indian languages.
3. It was fully supported by the Court of Directors.

47) With reference to the Charter Act of 1853, consider the following statements:
1. It introduced open competitive examinations for civil services.
2. It abolished the system of patronage.
3. It immediately ensured equal participation of Indians in civil services.

48) With reference to Haileybury College, consider the following statements:
1. It was established in 1806 by the Court of Directors.
2. It was set up as a rival to Fort William College.
3. It was located in Calcutta.

49) With reference to Warren Hastings’ police reforms, consider the following statements:
1. He restored the office of faujdar.
2. He established faujdar thanas in districts.
3. He introduced Superintendent of Police (SP).

50) With reference to Mayor’s Courts established in 1726, consider the following statements:
1. They were established in Calcutta, Bombay, and Madras.
2. They functioned according to English law.
3. They had clear jurisdiction over Indian natives.

51) Which of the following features characterized the sipahi system under the East India Company?
1. Fixed salaries and ranks
2. Freedom to engage in private occupations
3. Strict discipline under British officers

52) With reference to Hindu law codification under the British, consider the following statements:
1. A digest of Hindu law was compiled by pandits under British supervision.
2. Nathaniel Brassey Halhed translated it into English.
3. It was published as ‘A Code of Gentoo Laws’.

53) With reference to Henry Thomas Colebrooke, consider the following statements:
1. He succeeded William Jones in Orientalist scholarship.
2. He established the antiquity of the Vedas.
3. He argued that Puranas were older than the Vedas
Which of the following is/are correct.

54) With reference to the Surveyor General of Bengal, consider the following statements:
1. The office was established by Warren Hastings.
2. James Rennell was the first Surveyor General.
3. He prepared the first authoritative map of India.
Which of the following is/are correct.

55) With reference to the Asiatic Society of Bengal, consider the following statements:
1. It was established in 1784 by William Jones.
2. Its objective was to study Asian cultures, languages, and history.
3. It functioned primarily as a political institution.
Which of the following is/are correct.

56) With reference to the Regulating Act of 1773, consider the following statements:
1. It laid the foundation of central administration in British India.
2. It made the Governor of Bengal the Governor-General of Bengal.
3. It abolished the presidencies of Madras and Bombay.
Which of the following is/are correct.

57) With reference to Pitt’s India Act of 1784, consider the following statements:
1. It distinguished between the commercial and political functions of the East India Company.
2. It established a Board of Control to supervise political affairs.
3. It abolished the Court of Directors.
Which of the following is/are correct.

58) With reference to the Charter Act of 1813, consider the following statements:
1. It abolished the East India Company’s trade monopoly in India.
2. It retained the Company’s monopoly over tea trade and trade with China.
3. It allowed all European traders to trade freely in India.
Which of the following is/are correct.

59) With reference to the Charter Act of 1833, consider the following statements:
1. It was influenced by liberal ideas such as laissez-faire.
2. It introduced complete separation of judiciary and executive.
3. It aimed at administrative efficiency through centralization.
Which of the following is/are correct.

60) With reference to the Charter Act of 1853, consider the following statements:
1. It was the last Charter Act passed by the British Parliament for the East India Company.
2. It introduced a system of open competition for civil services.
3. It fixed a definite period for the Company’s rule in India.
Which of the following is/are correct.

61) With reference to the Ijaradari System introduced in 1772, consider the following statements:
1. Revenue collection rights were auctioned to the highest bidder.
2. The contractor was responsible for paying a fixed sum to the government.
3. The system ensured protection of peasants from exploitation.
Which of the following is/are correct.

62) Which of the following best describes the “Sunset Law” under Permanent Settlement?

63) With reference to the assessment of land revenue under the Ryotwari system, which of the following statements is/are correct?
1. Revenue demand was based on actual produce.
2. Revenue demand was fixed in money.
3. It was independent of market prices.

64) Who is associated with the introduction of the Mahalwari system?

65) Which of the following best explains the significance of the Saharanpur Rules of 1855?

66) With reference to the Moamaria Revolt (1769–99), consider the following statements:
1. It was led by low-caste peasants.
2. It challenged the authority of Ahom rulers.
3. It strengthened the Ahom kingdom permanently.
Which of the following statements is/are correct

67) Who among the following were leaders of the Midnapore and Dhalbhum uprising?
1. Damodar Singh
2. Jagannath Dhal
3. Musa Shah

68) Which literary work is based on the Sanyasi Revolt?

69) With reference to Pazhassi Raja, consider the following statements:
1. He is popularly known as “Kerala Simham”.
2. He led resistance against the British in the Malabar region.
3. His revolt was primarily against Mughal authority.
Which of the following statements is/are correct

70) Who led the first phase of the Poligar Revolt?

71) With reference to the Pagal Panthis, consider the following statements:
1. It was a semi-religious movement based in Mymensingh.
2. It was mainly composed of tribal groups like Hajong and Garo.
3. It aimed to overthrow Mughal rule.
Which of the following statements is/are correct

72) With reference to the Treaty of Surji-Arjungaon (1803), consider the following statements:
1. It was signed after the Second Anglo-Maratha War.
2. It led to transfer of Haryana region from Scindia to the East India Company.
3. It was signed between the British and the Sikh chiefs of Punjab.
Which of the following statements is/are correct

73) The Wahabi Movement in India was founded by:

74) The practice of Sati was abolished in 1829 during the tenure of:

75) Assertion (A): The Hindu Widow Remarriage Act (1856) legalized widow remarriage.
Reason (R): The Act was passed due to efforts of Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar.

76) Which of the following correctly matches the personalities with their roles in Shivaji’s early life?
1. Jijabai                                 — Moral and cultural guidance
2. Dadoji Kondadeo             — Administrative and military training
3. Shahaji Bhosle                  — Founder of Maratha Empire

77) With reference to the Battle of Chakan (1660), consider the following statements:
1. It was fought between Mughal forces under Shaista Khan and Marathas.
2. The Maratha forces were led by Firangoji Narsala.
3. The battle resulted in a decisive Maratha victory.
Which of the following statements is/are correct

78) With reference to Chauth, consider the following statements:
1. It was collected only after the Marathas annexed a territory.
2. It implied recognition of Maratha political supremacy.
3. It was a compulsory land revenue imposed on peasants.
Which of the following statements is/are correct

79) Consider the following statements about the Battle of Bhima Koregaon (1818):
1. It was fought during the Third Anglo-Maratha War.
2. Peshwa Baji Rao II led the Maratha forces.
3. The British forces were outnumbered but successfully defended their position.
Which of the statements given above are correct?

80) Who did Maharaja Ranjit Singh acquire the Koh-i-Noor diamond from?

81) Who established the Calcutta Madrasa in 1781?

82) Who founded the Sanskrit College in Benaras in 1791?

83) What was the key vision expressed by Macaulay in his Minute on Education?

84) Which event during Bentinck’s tenure as Governor of Madras led to his recall?

85) The British officer who defeated Mir Qasim in a series of battles of 1763 was?

86) Who was the first viceroy of the Portuguese State of India?

87) What does the acronym VOC stand for in the context of Dutch colonial trade?

88) The English East India Company, which laid the foundation for British rule in India, was originally established in 1600 under which name?

89) Which Mughal subahdar granted the French East India Company permission to establish a colony at Chandernagore near Calcutta in 1673?

90) Who was Mughal India’s first “puppet king,” with real power being exercised by the noble Zulfiqar Khan?

91) With reference to Taluqdars in British India, consider the following statements:
1. Taluqdars were hereditary landholders responsible for collecting taxes.
2. In Oudh, a Taluqdar ranked below a Zamindar, whereas in Bengal, a Taluqdar ranked second only to a Zamindar.
3. Taluqa rights were abolished in East Bengal in 1950 under the East Bengal Estate Acquisition and Tenancy Act.
4. Taluqdars existed only in Bengal and Oudh during the British period.
Which of the statements given above are correct?:

92) With reference to the Malguzari system under the Marathas and British India, consider the following statements:
1. The Malguzar was a revenue farmer responsible for paying fixed revenue to the state.
2. Other cultivators under the system included Absolute occupancy tenants, Occupancy tenants, Sub-tenants, Raiyat-Malik, and lessees.
3. Mukaddam was the title given to the head of the village in charge of revenue collection.
4. The Malguzari system was limited to the Bengal region during Maratha and British rule.
Which of the statements given above are correct?:

93) Who was the first Nawab of Bengal to hold both the positions of Subahdar and Diwan simultaneously?

94) The title Fateh Jung given to Mir Qamaruddin emphasized:

95) Which treaty ended the Third Anglo-Mysore War in 1792?

96) What is the meaning of the term Misl in the context of Sikh polity?

97) The Policy of Paramountcy was introduced under which Governor-General of India?

98) Which of the following measures reflected the British control over princely states under Subordinate Isolation?

99) Who were the founders of the Zamindari Association (Zamindar Sabha) established in 1838?

100) What was the primary aim of the Bengal British India Society, founded in 1843?